Hystrix熔断
具有服务降级(HystrixCommand注解指定/fallbackMethod回退函数实现降级逻辑),服务熔断,依赖隔离,监控的作用,防雪崩的利器
<!--添加Hystrix依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
<!-- <version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>-->
</dependency>
<!--添加Hystrix dashboard依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
<!-- <version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>-->
</dependency>
<!--如果有了不用再引入-->
<!--<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>-->
在主函数上添加注解
@EnableCircuitBreaker //启动Hystrix
@EnableHystrixDashboard
@HystrixCommand
如果我们使用的是@HystrixCommand注解,那么可以在注解中直接指定超时时间,如下:
@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod="fallback",
commandProperties = {
@HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds", value = "1000" )
}
)
当然也可以指定commandKey,然后在配置文件中配置超时时间,如下:
@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod="fallback",commandKey="userGetKey")
配置文件给commandKey配置超时时间:
hystrix.command.userGetKey.execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds = 13000
全局配置
如果只是想全局的配置,可以配置默认的超时时间:
hystrix.command.default.execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds=3000
接口级别配置
假如我们的Feign Client定义如下:
@FeignClient(value = "user-service", fallbackFactory = UserRemoteClientFallbackFactory.class)
public interface UserRemoteClient {
@GetMapping("/user/get")
public ResponseData<UserDto> getUser(@RequestParam("id") Long id);
}
那么配置如下:
hystrix.command.UserRemoteClient#getUser(Long).execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds = 300
为什么要配置成上面的方式呢?
其实就是对commandKey进行配置,只要我们知道commandKey的生成规则就可以对接口级别进行配置,接口级别的规则是 Client名称#方法名(参数类型)
源码在feign.hystrix.SetterFactory.Default中:
String commandKey = Feign.configKey(target.type(), method);
服务级别配置
1.在Zuul中针对服务级别的话,直接配置service-id,如下:
hystrix.command.service-id.execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds=3000
Zuul中之所以要配置service-id原因是commandKey就是用的service-id, 通过源码分析可以得到结论。
首先进入的是RibbonRoutingFilter中的run方法,然后我们看核心的forward方法:
ClientHttpResponse response = forward(commandContext);
在forward中有下面的代码:
RibbonCommand command = this.ribbonCommandFactory.create(context);
通过create可以定位到具体的实现,这边就看你用的什么Http客户端,默认有三种实现,默认定位到org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.filters.route.apache.HttpClientRibbonCommandFactory.create(RibbonCommandContext)方法。
所以service-id就是commandKey。
2.在Feign中针对服务级别的话,需要对commandKey进行定制,可以用service-id, 也可以用Feign Client Name,如下:
@Bean
@Scope("prototype")
@ConditionalOnMissingBean
@ConditionalOnProperty(name = "feign.hystrix.enabled")
public Feign.Builder feignHystrixBuilder() {
return HystrixFeign.builder().setterFactory(new SetterFactory() {
@Override
public Setter create(Target<?> target, Method method) {
String groupKey = target.name();
String commandKey = Feign.configKey(target.type(), method);
return HystrixCommand.Setter.withGroupKey(HystrixCommandGroupKey.Factory.asKey(groupKey))
//.andCommandKey(HystrixCommandKey.Factory.asKey(commandKey))
//.andCommandKey(HystrixCommandKey.Factory.asKey(groupKey))
.andCommandKey(HystrixCommandKey.Factory.asKey(target.type().getSimpleName()));
}
});
}
.andCommandKey(HystrixCommandKey.Factory.asKey(commandKey))
默认的接口方式
.andCommandKey(HystrixCommandKey.Factory.asKey(groupKey))
service-id方式
.andCommandKey(HystrixCommandKey.Factory.asKey(target.type().getSimpleName()));
Feign Client Name方式
配置的话根据不同的配置填写不通的commandKey就可以了:
hystrix.command.Feign Client Name.execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds=3000