Mysql

sudo docker pull mysql:5.6

sudo docker run -itd -p 3306:3306 --name mysql -v ~/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -v ~/mysql/conf:/etc/mysqll/conf.d -v ~/mysql/logs:/var/log/mysql  -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=PW123456 --restart always mysql:5.7 --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
PS:The default configuration for MySQL can be found in /etc/mysql/my.cnf, which may !includedir additional directories such as /etc/mysql/conf.d or /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d. Please inspect the relevant files and directories within the mysql image itself for more details.

远程不能访问时需要进入docker本地客户端设置远程访问账号

$ sudo docker exec -it mysql bash
$ mysql -u root -p PW123456
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by "password";

修改MySQL配置文件有两种方法：
一是进入容器，修改容器里的MySQL的配置文件，然后重新启动容器：
docker exec -it mysqlserver /usr/bin/bash
然后可以进入容器的命令行模式，接着修改 /etc/mysql/my.cnf 文件即可
二是挂载主机的mysql配置文件 -v /my/custom:/etc/mysql/conf.d

查看编码

show variables like 'character%';
show variables like 'collation_%';